WA现场丨waa未觉建筑丨老鹰画室:一个造梦的场合
老鹰画室：一个造梦的场合Eagle Studio, A place to Dream建筑设计：未觉建筑Architects: waa (we architech anonymous)
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“这就是为什么我们的设计核心关注点是人，这个‘人'不但指业主，在这个项目里，就是老师和学生...”
“我们把这个场地分成了一个（空间）网络，在网络中有那么几块，我们希望他们之间有互通性...”
“这些鸿沟比较模糊的空间在这个社交的网络傍边非常重要”
“我们其实不想有一个固定的风格，我们有的是一个大致成熟的设计方法论...每次遇到新的项目我们仍会采纳新的方式，我们其实不怕改变。”
——张迪，Jack Youngwaa未觉建筑开创人, 联合开创人
鸟瞰
老鹰画室是一所培育未来艺术家与设计师的美术教育机构，约72,000㎡的建筑面积可以容纳跨越3000名学生。作为老鹰画室最重要的使用者们，这群即将面对艺术高考的学生将会在这里度过为期8个月的强化学习与生活。设计师们将这座建筑视为“筑梦工厂”，一座容纳这些临时“住客”们雄心与梦想的建筑，一种满足年轻艺术家社群学习与交流的空间模式。
入口广场
外景
场合设计以“场合”解缆，意图营造能够让使用人群发生相似的认同感与归属感的空间，建立一个与学习、竞争、居住、梦想相关的建筑。这间“筑梦工厂”提供的正是有趣的学习氛围、惬意的居住与生活，以及绝佳的社交体验。
接待处
公共空间
坡道
中庭
设计将功能区域分为：画室、教室、多功能厅、餐饮、体育活动、休闲活动。这些空间被合理地分散到公共空间领域之中，彼此交错相融。这种视觉连接的方式与建筑语态可以在潜意识中增进人们在其中的交流、沟通以及身份认同感。建筑脱离了原本空间体量的限制，成为一个立体的多维网络，内部与外部的界限从根本上变得模糊而柔和，一个处于永久的、过渡状态的空间应运而生。
宿舍楼与教室间
宿舍楼外景
概念生成
空间与传统校园建筑的低密度蔓延方式分歧，该项目中，建筑在垂直方向成为一个连续的空间体量。由中庭串连起贯穿空间的各处坡道，学生便由此达到分歧的楼层。
中庭环形灯
中庭细部
室外步行坡道
体块演生
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位于教学楼三层的画室是一个高6m、面积超10,000㎡的平层空间，能够容纳3000名学生同时在这一空间中学习与创作。三层的画室空间是设计中最为重要的部分，整体建筑的结构也由今生成。透光幕墙围合与移除室内墙体的设计策略减少了画室中各功能之间的硬性界限，带来了均质而开敞的空间氛围，建筑自身由此获得了更加强烈的表达。北向幕墙开启即可形成自然通风。为了避免强日光的直射，顶层设置有北向天窗，立面可见的锯齿状百叶窗系统成为自然采光带，经过漫反射而得的光线为艺术学习与创作提供了最佳条件。这样的设计也模拟了艺术类学生经常会在自然光线充沛的大空间中进行考试的环境。
三层画室
学生教室占据了教学楼的首层与二层，中庭与教室之间形成了丰富的阴影，这里是学生课间休息与互动交流的场合。地下层包含食堂和运动空间，通过中庭与两个大型的采光隧道进行采光。学生宿舍环绕安插在教学楼周围，之间形成具有阴影的内部街道，又由较大的学生广场分隔开来。多功能厅则是一个容纳即兴事件与绘画课程的阶梯式空间。
中庭公共空间
旋转楼梯
功能演化
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路径与社交建筑主入口面向城市道路，由学生广场与绿植自然过渡至建筑主体。杭州气候温和，室外空间也多用于教学和休闲，因此，室外的公共雕塑便成为视觉的焦点，同时营造出一个临时聚集的场合——学生们可以在室外分歧的光线条件下进行创作。建筑体块之间形成具有阴影特色的内部街道是绝佳的社交场合。在建筑内部，中庭成为综合性场合，而坡道则打破了绿化的鸿沟，创作发明出了学生自然聚集的空间。多功能厅通过阶梯与北侧的学生广场相连，表演与活动空间也随之融入到了景观之中。空间的性质在内外之间灵活转变，流动的路径将城市街道、宿舍、教室、画室等有机地联系起来，带来了别样的体验。
室外公共雕塑
宿舍楼与教室间坡道
环境策略分析
结语
建筑师有意将建筑建立为一个集体——分歧于以往现址选择的艺术培训场合，这是一次有序的立异，理性的空间梳理、加入更多的人性关怀与思考，意味着场合中的每个个体需要感受到彼此的联系和连接。通过画室/教室以及休闲空间的松散鸿沟，可以实现一种共同所有权——或许可以称为“家”的感觉。设计师让建筑空间具有较小标准，这让教师和学生都可以拥有一定的掌控感。正如赫尔曼·赫茨伯格所言：“场合意味着一种特殊的价值被赋予到空间之中，这对于一些相互依赖或具有某种团体归属感的人来说便具有特殊意义。”□
Eagle Studio, A place to Dream
The Eagle Studio is a community for artist training located in Hangzhou. The 72,000 ㎡ campus isdesigned to accommodate over 3000 students as an intensive 8 months tuition preparing for college entrance exam to tier one arts institutions. We look tothe building as a "dream factory", a spatial model for an arts community helping to fulfill the ambition of its temporary users.
Idea ConceptThis factory required us to focus on many of the places and spaces in-between art centred activities focusing on emotions relating to study, compete, dwell and to dream. We hope to facilitate the best opportunities for social exchange for students.
Bringing together the social values of a campus masterplan, the idea was to optimise social experience and programme exchangeat any point of the campus. Where activities such as class studying, studio painting, lectures, dining, sports and resting, are interlocked and dispersedinto the public realm. This way visual links and architectural gestures can act subliminally to prompt interaction, communication and an identity through shared purpose. The building should be seen as a three dimensional grid where effort has been made to fundamentally blur the interior and exterior boundaries. Being neither inside nor outside, a permanent state of transitionis cultivated.
AccommodationInstead of the low density sprawl of the traditional campus, the buildings are arranged to celebrate one continuous volume of spaces vertically. All 3000 Students are accommodated for arts related study centrallyon a single level accessed by long ramps through a central circulation hub.This enables visibility between drawing classes for teaching convenience and promotes the competitive atmosphere which will define their hopes for acceptance in highly desired institutions A 6-metre volume allows for optimum study conditions enhanced by diffused natural day light, integrated through aserrated louver system which can be seen expressed on the façade. It must also beadded that the space mirrors the environment which students will sit their exams often in large spaces naturally lit and partially external in large numbers. Each drawing group is indicated with floor markings consisting of 30 pupils within each boundary. The main visitor entrance on Level 1 includes a 500 ㎡ gallery space and reception for potential students.
Hangzhou being a very temperate much use is made of outdoor space for both teaching and leisure. Students Classrooms occupy Level 1 and 2, with abundant shaded breakout/social spaces to shelter against the local weather having sustained periods of precipitation. The basement contains canteen and sports facilities which benefit with natural light supplied through two large courtyard atriums. The campus dormitory loops around the perimetre of the site and forms a shaded internal street, split by a large campus square. The Studio on Level 3 block lowers and nods to reveal the main entrance. This forms a stepped plaza into the landscape to accommodate an auditorium, for impromptu events or external drawing classes. The roof extends to create a shaded armature supported by triangulated steel supports.
SustainabilityEagle Studio goes the extra mile to present a series of low tech of sustainable building ideas. Natural light for painting was aprimary concept consideration and a priority was to harness North light which is the gold standard for painting. This was achieved through 62 skylight strips deployed over the whole painting studio Roof. North light or reflected soft light is captured and produces a cool temperature. It allows greater control over shadows while painting. Lighting levels were further increased by using adouble skinned Polycarbonate curtain wall. Polycarbonate is ideal material as opposed to plain glass due to its refractive properties and the effect it has on softening shadows.This helped supplemented the lighting levels to a higher level during the day especially on cloudy overcast days and reduced dependency on electricity use.
With a humid climate and an abundance of precipitation, it was also important to provide shaded areas for social interaction. Studio level 3 provides a large canopy to shelter outdoor space from the elements, and each classroom utilises the covered outdoor space by building seating into the façade. Due to the high humidity in the summer months natural airflow was promoted. All classrooms have large dual facing operable windows surface areas and the large central void to drag air up through the roof. It is hoped mechanical ventilation can be kept to a minimum in the summer months as all skylights have automated windows. In corporating an efficient circulation method for 3000 students to access the drawing studio without mechanical solutions was facilitated by 2 large ramps. The crossed ramps operate from Level 2 at opposite extremes of the site. Only a single lift operates for the primarily use of transporting parents and prospective students more efficiently in the building tour. Extensive planting in streets area located with a maximum permitted green coverage. Trees are located forshading and a green roof is incorporated on half the dormitory buildings. As mentioned extensively social sustainability was of primary concern and all we feel the many techniques used will create a more harmonious environment formany children under challenging working conditions.
ConclusionFor this large school, if the focus is to create a collective place that would mean the individual feel connect and link to each other. Through the loose boundaries between classroom/studios and recreational spaces it can enable a co-ownership, perhaps a sense of home, between the school and its inhabitants. We treat architecture at smaller human scales both teachers and students can substantially control, perhaps defined more as temporary occupation opportunities. We feel this focus will all eviate pressure associated with competitive training and enhance mental wellbeing of students and staff. As Herman Herzberg commented,〝Place implies a special value added to a space, it has a particular meaning for anumber of people who feel attached to one another or derive from it a feelingof a solidarity.〞
全文将刊载于《世界建筑》202008期。转载请注明出处。
项目信息/Credits and Data
地址/Location: 杭州市富阳区场口/Changkou, Fuyang District, Hangzhou业主/Client: 杭州老鹰教育科技股份有限公司/Eagle Studio建筑设计/Architect: waa未觉建筑主创设计师/Principal Architects: 张迪，杨杰克/ZHANG Di, Jack Young设计团队/Design Team: 霍明辉，杨华琳，曹梦博，朱方地，梁剑，张海洋，何悦，李维雅，刘墨，刘亦芃，张泽永/HUOMinghui, YANG Hualin, CAO Mengbo, ZHU Fangdi, LIANG Jian, ZHANG Haiyang, HEYue, LI Weiya, LIU Mo, LIU Yipeng, Joseph Zhang室内设计/Interior: waa未觉建筑景观设计/Landscape: waa未觉建筑施工单位/Main Contractor: 浙江海大建设有限公司/HAIDA Construction Ltd.施工图设计单位/Architect of Record: 未觉（北京）建筑设计事务所有限责任公司，北京中天建中工程设计有限公司/waa, Beijing ZhongTianJianZhongEngineering Design Co., Ltd.场地面积/Site Area: 33,602 m²建筑面积/Gross Floor Area: 72,187 m²建筑设计时间/Architectural Schedule: 2017.09-2018.12室内设计时间/Interior Schedule: 2018.05-2019.06景观设计时间/Landscape Schedule: 2019.02-2019.08施工时间/ConstructionSchedule: 2018.12-2020.06摄影/Photos: 田方方/TIAN Fangfang
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